Machine and method for making spikes



1935- J. H. FRIEDMAN MACHINE AND METHOD FOR MAKING SPIKES Filed May 6, 1933 8 Sheets-Sheet 1 C(ttornegs 1935- J. H. FRIEDMAN MACHINE AND METHOD FOR MAKING SPIKES 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May 6, 1935 1935- J. H. FRIEDMAN MACHINE AND METHOD FOR MAKING SPIKES 8 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed May 6, 1933 mm l'mnento'r Dec. M), 1935. J. FRlEDMAN 2,023,336

MACHINE AND METHOD FOR MAKING SPIKES Filed May 6, 1933 8 Sheets-Sheet 4 J. H. FRIEDMAN 2,023,636

MACHINE AND METHOD FOR MAKING SPIKES Dec. 1G, 1935.

Filed May 6, 1933 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 BB t attorneys Dec. W, 3935.

J. H. FRIEDMAN I 2,023,636

MACHINE AND METHOD FOR MAKING SPIKES Filed. May 6, 1955 a Sheets-Sheet 6 Dec. 10, 1935. J H FmEDMAN 2,23,636

MACHINE AND METHOD FOR MAKING SPIKES Filed May 6, 1933 8 SheetsSheet '7 Dec. 10, 1935. I J H, FRlEDMAN 2,023,636

MACHINE AND METHOD FOR MAKING SPIKES Filed May 6, 1933 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 Patented Dec. 10, 1935 UNITED STATES MACHINE AND METHOD FOR MAKING SPIKES John H. Friedman, Tiffin, Ohio, assignor to The National Machinery Company, Tiffin, Ohio Application May 6, 1933, Serial No. 669,769

15 Claims.

This invention relates to a machine for making spikes such as used for fastening railroad rails and for producing articles of a similar nature. It also relates to a method wherebythese articles can be headed.

As a result of experience it has been found that the most desirable design of spike includes a rounded, elongated head disposed at a slight pitch relative to the shank and with the four faces of the shank converging for a short distance away from the head.

Attempts heretofore made to produce a spike of this type in a heading machine have not generally been satisfactory. This has been due to the fact that the blank must be enlarged and shaped adjacent to one end in a tapered die cavity while, at the same time, the end of the blank engaged by the heading tool must be subjected to a combined pressing and drawing action to properly shape the metal into the elongated head with its projecting nose, both disposed at the proper angle or pitch relative to the shank. Because of the lack of support for the end portion of the blank in the tapered die cavity and beyond the open end of the die, the action of the heading tool, which has generally traveled in an arc, has tended to deflect the unsupported end of the blank in the wrong direction with the result that an improper- 1y shaped, imperfect spike has been produced.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a spike machine in which the heading tool will travel along a path coaxial with the held blank while the blank is being shaped in the tapered portion of the die cavity, a supplemental radial movement of the tool being produced immediately following the shaping of the metal protruding from the die cavity, thereby to form a head of the desired size, contour, and offset.

A. further object is to provide a combined heading and offsetting mechanism which is simple in construction and operation and will not cause any undesirable distortion of the blank but will rapidly produce accurately finished articles.

In a machine of this character it is desirable to provide a gauge for limiting the movement of the stock as it is fed into position. An object of the present invention is to provide a novel form of stock gauge which can be adjusted readily during the operation of the machine so as to move it toward or from the stock feeding means, there being mechanisms under the control of the heading slide, for moving the gauge into and out of operative position in properly timed relation to the movements of the other mechanism of the machine.

Another object is to provide a gripping die mounted for movement at an angle to the horizontal so that it is possible to properly grip square stock on all four sides even though it should be slidably twisted, thereby permitting the use of 5 feeding mechanism and cutter rolls of novel construction and arrangement.

A still further and very important object of this invention is to provide a novel means for feeding the stock into the machine and cutting it off 10 into various predetermined lengths, the feeding and cutting mechanism being operatively connected to the mechanism of the heading slide so that the heading and feeding operations will be properly timed.

A still further object is to incorporate a relief mechanism whereby the movable gripping die will be relieved automatically'when subjected to excessive resistance.

With the foregoing and other objects in view 20 which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention consists of certain novel steps in the method of producing headed articles, such as railroad spikes, and in certain novel details of construction and combinations of parts which will be 25 hereinafter more fully described and pointed out in the claims, it being understood that changes may be made in the construction and arrangement of parts and in the steps of the method without departing from the invention as claimed.

In the accompanying drawings the preferred form of the invention has been shown.

In said drawings:

Figure 1 is a plan view of a portion of a header equipped to form spikes of the desired design.

Figure 2 is an enlarged section through stock feeding and cutting mechanism, said section being taken on the line 2-2, Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a section on line 33, Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a vertical section through the feed- 40 ing mechanism taken substantially on the line 4+4, Figure 2.

Figure 5 is a section on line 55, Figure 4.

Figure 6 is a face view of one of the hubs of the feeding mechanism.

Figure '7 is a similar view of the other hub of said mechanism.

Figure 8 is a face view of one of the tool holders of the cutter, two of the tools and their clamps being arranged adjacent thereto but detached 50 therefrom.

Figure 9 is a section on line 9-9, Figure 8, the cutting tool being shown in elevation.

Figure 10 is an elevation of one of the rings constituting a feed roller.

Figure 11 is a section on line ll--l I, Figure 10. Figure 12 is an enlarged section on line I 2'|2, Figure 1, showing the automatic relief for the movable grip, a portion of the grip slide being 5 broken away and the movable and stationary grips being shown in section and in engagement with the blank.

Figure 13 is a view partly in section and partly in elevation showing the grips spaced apart with 10 a blank therebetween in position to be gripped.

Figure 14 is a section on line I l-I4, Figure 1, showing the gauge mechanism partly in section and partly in elevation.

Figure 15 is a section on line l5-l5, Figure. 1'4.- 15 Figure 16 is a section on line l6|6, Figure-l4. Figure 17 is a section on line Il -l1, Figure 1 showing the heading tool advancing toward" but out of engagement with the blank-after the withdrawal of the gauge. 20 Figure 18 is a similar View showing the partial heading-of the blank.

' Figure 19 is a view similartoFigures- 17 and-'18 showing the positions of: the parts-at the completion-of the heading operation- 25 Figure 20 is a perspectiveview. of. a spikep'rm duced by the'machine- Referring to the figure's' by'characters of'refe erence I designates the bedlfr'ame of the. machine in which is mounted a1 heading slide 2" adapted 30 to be recipr'ocated by: any suitable mechanism such as an eccentric 3 rotatable with a shaftd', there being a' driving connection" 5 between the eccentric and the'slide. A fee'd op'ening indicated at fi'extends within" one endof thebed frame; in g strmeedindandnuilin'g I mechanism I Bearing members 1 and 8' are: extended from 40 the bed frame and can-be cast integral therewith or can be attachedthereto. In these members is journalled a driveshaftt ont which is secured-a ratchet wheel9adapted to rotate with the shaft. A collar is mounted 'for'ba'ck andforth rota- 45 tion on. shaft land has an arm H connected by a rod l2 to: some movable? elementv operativ'ely joined-to the mechanism of the heading slide. For example a crank l3 can rotate with th'e' shaft 4- and can be of such size that its continued re- 50 tation will causethe' oscillation ofarm' l l-.

A- pawl I4 is pivotally connected at l to'the arm H and has a' tail piece lli -whichcan' carry an anti-friction roller I'I. 'Ih'is tailkpiece and its roller can constitute a weightforholdi'ng thepawl 55 normally pressedinto'engagement withtheratchet wheel 9.

The teeth of the ratchet wheel are so spaced that, at the beginning of each swinging movement' of arm H in one direction, the pawl will 60 engage oneof the teeth and-impart apred'etermined'partial rotation to the ratchet'wheel 9- and its shaft 8. As the arm H swingsback to itsini tial position the pawl' will be brought back toengage another tooth.

65 For the purpose of disengaging th'e p'awl'from the ratchet at th'e' willof the operator and-without stopping the machine, an arcu'a'te sho'e l8 is pivotally mounted" as indicated at f9 and extends normally out of the'path' of the roller'l'l so that 70 this roller can oscillate withth'e pawl without being'interfered with. A rock shaft l9" issupported adjacent to the shoe: Wand has a crank arm 20 connectedby alink'2 l' to the-shoe. A fo'ot level or treadle 22 is connecteditoshaft' l9" and 7 5 by depressing it the arm: 2llzwillzthrusttlirough link 2| against shoe l8 and swing the shoe into the path of roller l1. Thus during the oscillation of the roller it will be pressed toward shaft 8 and the pawl will be swung out of engagement with the'ratchet wheel. At this time the shoe 5 will act as a track along which the roller I! will reciprocate. Obviously when the pawl is disengaged from the ratchet wheel the shaft 8 and the parts operated thereby will cease to move. However when the treadle is released and the parts permitted to return to their initial positions the roller I! will again be free to oscillate without interference'and the oscillating arm II will be recoupled to the ratchet wheel 9. The shoe l8 can be of suflicient weight to drop by gravity and lift the treadle 22 when released.

Arranged above the shaft 8 are upper and lower housingsszsand 24 pivotally joined adjacent to one end by a pin 25 so that these housings are capable of relative up and down swinging moveme'n't'.v In-thelower housing 24 is journalled'the lower'roller shaft 26 of the feeding and cutting mechanism While the upper roller shaft 2'! of said mechanism is journalled' in the upper housing 23.

Shaft 26 is provided at one end with a gear 28 which constantly meshes with a gear 29 secured toone end of the drive shaft 8. These gears 28 and 29 are removable readily and can be replaced by other gears to get a desired ratio. Inpractice it has been found desirable to utilize 80 either a 5 to 5 ratio or a 4 to 5 ratio, depending upon the number of cutters used in the mechanism and the length of spike desired.

An intermediate" gear 30 is secured to shaft 2'B so a's to rotate therewith and meshes with another gear 31 mounted on the shaft 27. This last gear is arranged for annular adjustment relative to its shaft. This adjustment is effected by providing the" gear 3l' with a segmental hub portion 32: which extends laterally therebeyond and straddles shaft 2-7; A segmental block 33 is fixedly joined to shaft 2''! by any suitable means, such asa key 34' and has its e'nds normally spaced from the ends of thehub 32; This arrangement is clearly shown in Figure 3. Bolts 35 are extended through the end portions of the block 33 and of the hub '32- and by means of the nuts 36 on these bolts the block 33 and shaft 21 to which it' is secured can be adjusted annularly in a clockwise or a counterclockwise direction relative tothe gear 3| which is of course.anchoredby gear 30. This adjustment is provided for the purpose of properly positioning the cutting tools hereinafter described so that they will properly match while pinching off the stock being acted'upon; The gear 3| and the parts joined thereto can be held-in proper position longitudinally of shaft 21 by arranging it so that it will abut against one end of the housing 23 as shown at 31 while its" other end will abut against a collar 38 fixe'd'on'the shaft.

Those ends'of the two housings which are remote from the connectingpivot 25 are extended between upper and lower stop screws 39 and 4D whichthrust against the housings and bind them upon awedge 4 linsertabl'e between the housings.

'By: meansof this wedge the distance between the adjacent ends of the shafts 26 and 27 can be definitely determined and by means of the screws39 and 40 the housings can be held properly' centered therebetween while clamping on the wedge.

Those ends'o'f the shafts 2"! and 26 adjacent tgthe-screws 39 anddll'project outwardly from the housing and each of them is secured within a hub or sleeve 42 having an annular flange 43 at one end. The two hubs are held firmly to their positions by nuts 44 engaging the reduced threaded ends 45 of the respective shafts.

As shown in Figure 2 the hub on each shaft is arranged oppositely to the hub on the other shaft. A tool-holding disk 46 is mounted on each hub and has an annular flange 4'! which is intersected by radial grooves 48 formed in one face of the disk. Each of these grooves is adapted to receive a cutting tool 49 which extends beyond the periphery of flange 41 and is adapted to be secured in the groove by an arcuate clamping plate 50. Bolts 5| are extended through plates 5E3, disk 46 and the adjacent flange 43 and are used for the purpose of binding these parts together as shown, for example, in Figure 4 so that they can rotate in unison. Each of the disks 46 extends into a ring 52 forming a side feed roll and the flange 41 and blades 49 serve to bind this roll tightly against the flange 43 of the hub 42. Thus the side feed roll will be supported where it can frictionally engage one side face of a length of stock S, the periphery of each disk lt constituting at the same time a bearing surface for the top or bottom face of the stock.

Importance is attached to the fact that the active or stock engaging side of the roll 52 on the lower shaft 26 is convex, the curvature being such that the arc thereof occupying a vertical plane is concentric with the pivot 25.

The hub 42 on the upper shaft 21 is disposed oppositely to the hub 42 on the lower shaft 26, and the parts carried thereby are also positioned oppositely to the corresponding parts on the lower hub. For example the feed roll 52 on the upper hub has its convex surface arranged toward the pivoted end of the shaft and the lower portion of its convex surface will lap the upper portion of the convex surface of the lower roll 52 so that these two feed rolls will make a rolling contact with the respective sides of the stock S along oppositely disposed substantially vertical lines. The cutting tools carried by the disk 46 on the lower shaft 26 will work between these lapping portions of the feed rolls and the cutting tools on the upper shaft will also work between the lapping portions of the feed rolls. The outer or cutting edges of these tools are arranged so that they will pinch through the stock at the points where the stock is gripped between the co-acting portions of the opposed feed rolls.

Attention is called to the fact that the stock S is supported on a line mid-way between the shafts 2G and 21. When the two shafts are adjusted away from each other by means of wedge 45 after the screws 39 and 40 have been loosened feed rolls 52 will be correspondingly moved in opposite directions but the center point between the cutter-carrying means will not be changed. Thus the feeding and cutting rolls made up of the parts 42, 43, 41, and 49 can be adapted for use in connection with stock of different sizes, the side or feed rolls in every case being adjustable readily to properly grip the sides of the stock at those points where the stock is pinched off by the oppositely disposed cooperating cutting tools 49 The cutting tools on the shaft 2'! can be either advanced or moved backwardly to cause them to register properly with the cutting tools thereunder. This is done by adjusting shaft 21 in gear 3| as heretofore explained and described.

Obviously by changing the ratio of the gears 28 and 2e and by changing the number of cutters on each feeding and cutting roll the length of the spike blanks fed to the header can be varied. Heretofore, in spike machines or the like, whenever it has been desired to change the length of a spike, it has been necessary to take apart the shaft, gears and appurtenances and to substitute an entirely new set for each length of spike desired. In the present instance, however, the changes in length can be effected in the manner heretofore stated.

When the shafts 26 and 2! are adjusted toward or from each other as heretofore described, about the pivot 25, the center distances between the ends of the shafts on which the ring rolls are mounted will vary. This of course throws the rolls at varying angles but this is compensated for by the convexity of the rolls 52 so that the stock is always gripped within and fed through a substantially square hole at the pass in the center line where this stock is pinched off by the cutters. This prevents the cutters from forming a fin at the point of the spike. Extreme importance is attached to the pivotal supporting of the shafts 25 and 2'! whereby the different adjustrnents for the spikes can be effected.

In connection with the foregoing it will be noted that by using convex rolling surfaces for gripping the sides of the stock, the stock will be pulled thereby into position to be cut but the blank will be immechately released after it has been pointed because of the fact that the gripping portions of the surfaces promptly recede laterally from the blank because of the angles of their axes of rotation.

Each blank, as it passes from between the cutting tools is thrust forwardly by the succeeding blank so that the blanks will enter thefe'e'dbpening 6 in succession. Eah'oscillation of the pawl M in one direction will operate the feeding and cutting mechanism sufficiently to cut off a blank of the correct length and feed it forwardly so as tobe replaced by another blank. The cutters can be shaped to pinch off the blank B so as to produce a finished taper such as shown at b in Figures 17 and 20.

Gripping mechanism The opening 6 is adapted to guide each blank B into position within the angular cavity 53 of a stationary gripping die 54, this cavity being so shaped that when the blank B is seated therein it will have the bottom and one side in snug engagement with the corresponding walls of the cavity.

A gripping slide 55 is mounted to reciprocate upon an inclined guide 56 within the bed frame I and carries a movable gripping die 51. This die has a blank-receiving cavity 58 which is so proportioned and positioned that when this movable die is slid toward the stationary die 54, it will move diagonally or across the corners of the blank and bind upon the exposed side and top faces thereof thereby gripping the blank firmly on all four sides in a die free from draft.

By providing feeding and cutting mechanism such as has been described it is unavoidable that stock be fed into the machine with its top and bottom faces substantially horizontal. It has always been desirable to grip angular stock across the corners but in the present instance this would not be possible except by mounting the movable gripping die so as to travel along an inclined path as explained. With this arrangement of movable gripping die the two dies 54 and 5'! will not only hold the blank firmly during the heading operation but will also tend to straighten out any twists-or irregularities in the blank.

Automatic relief The movable gripping die can be actuated by any suitable mechanism. For example, and as shown in Figures 1 and 12, a shaft 59 can receive motion through gears 6 and 6| from the ,shaft 4. One end of this shaft 59 has a crank 62 or the like adapted to transmit motion through v a pitman 63 to one corner portion of an angular link 64. Another corner portion of this link is pivotally connected by a link 65 to the slide 55 while the third corner portion ofthe link is pivotally joined to one arm of a bell-crank 66 fulcrumed in the. bed frame. The other arm of this bell-crank is pressed yieldingly against a' stop 61 by a spring 68. Thus, under normal conditions, the pivotal connection 69 between the bell-crank 8,6 and link 84 is anchored and thrusts from the pitman 63 will cause oscillation of link 64 and the transmission ofjmotion therefrom through link 65 to the slide 55. However, should the slide meet with excessive resistance during its movement toward the stock, the bell-crank 56 would swing against the action of springtii and allow link64 to swingd'ownwardly so that the slide would thus be relieved automatically of the excessive strains and no injuries to the parts would occur.

Gauge For the purpose of limiting the movement of each blank to insure the correct length of material projecting beyond the gripping dies prior to .the heading operation; a novel form of gauge has beenTamvided.. This gauge has been illustrated in detail in Figures'll and l and the position thereof relative to the other parts of the machine has been indicated clearly in Figure 1.

The gauge includes a shaft 69which is mounted to slide and rotate within bearings 16 and H mounted on the bed frame close to one side of the heading slide hereinafter described. The shaft is provided with spaced" collars 12 which are securely attached thereto so as to move therewith and mounted for rotation on the shaft between these collars is an adjusting sleeve 13 provided with exterior screw threads. A hand wheel 14 is carried by the sleeve so that the sleeve can be rotated readily when desired and the said sleeve engages and extends through the bearing 79. Obviously by rotating the hand wheel 14 the sleeve 13 will be rotated and will be fed longitudinally in either direction within bearing 16.

-An arm 18 is secured to and extended from shaft 69 and has a rod 19 pivotally connected.

thereto. This rod is slidable within a stationary guide 89 and a spring 8| is supported on the rod by a head 82 and thrustsagainst the guide 89. This spring exerts a constant thrust against head 82 so as to hold the gauge arm normally swung laterally with its head in the path of the blank, as shown by full lines in Figure 15.

A sleeve 83 is mounted for rotation on the shaft chine.

ear 89 extends laterally from the arm 85 and has spaced set screws 90 which thrust against the respective end portions of the plate 88. Thus the plate .can be clamped tightly against the flat surface 87 so that whenever the roller 86 is depressed, a corresponding rotation of shaft 69 will occur. By loosening'one of the set screws 99 and tightening the'other; the ear 89 and arm 85 can be shifted angul'arly relative to plate 88 so as to raise or lower the roller 86 when in 'its normal position.

'The heading slide has a cam rail 9| attached thereto and extending upwardly and forwardly. This rail is so located that as the heading slide advances toward the work the rail will ride onto and depress roller 86, thereby to impart sufiicient rotation to shaft 69: to swing the gauge arm 15 out of active position and out of the path of the advancing heading tool. By thus moving the arm 15 laterally as indicated by broken lines in Figure 15 the gauge mechanism places the spring 8| 255.

Heading mechanism The cavity 53-,-58 in the gripping dies can be shaped to produce a spike shank of any desired configuration. For example the walls of the cavity can diverge toward the inner end thereof and the bottom'wall of the cavity can terminate in an angular recess 92.

7 The blank fed to the cavity 53-58 is of the same cross-sectional contour and size as the main wardly and containing an auxiliary slide or block 94 in which is arranged a heading tool 95. The working face of this tool is formed with a recess. 96 so shaped as to give the proper contour to the corresponding surface of the finished article.

J ournalled in suitable bearings provided therefor on the slide 2 is a rock shaft 91 provided with a crank arm 98 which is connected by a link 99 to the slide 94. Another crank arm I98 is extended from this shaft and can carry an anti- .friction device such as a roller |6| adapted to v travel along a cam rail I92 located near the side of the heading slide. This roller can be held normally in its lowermost position by any suitable means and when thus located the slide 94 is supported in its raised position. The normal depression of the roller and elevation of the slide can be effected, for example, by a pivoted rod I03 anchored to the bed frame and extending through the arm I06. A spring I84 is mounted on the rod and thrusts through a block I65 upon the arm I08. The normal relative positions of the parts have been indicated in Figure 17 and it will be noted that when the slide 94 is elevated as in this figure the lower portion of the recess 96 is in line with the projecting end or the blank B.

The cam rail I02 is so shaped that as the heading tool advances toward the gripping dies it will be held elevated as in Figure 17 until the blank is engaged. After the blank is placed under compression by the tool 95, as in Figure 18, and the shank expanded in the flared portion of the die cavity 5358, the roller Illl begins to ascend the cam surface I06 of the rail I02. Consequently block or slide 94 and the heading tool 95 are moved downwardly from the position shown in Figure 18 to the position illustrated in Figure 19. As slide 2 is moving forwardly during this descent of the heading tool, said tool 95 will follow a curved path indicated substantially by the arrow in Figure 17. Thus the protruding portion of the partially shaped blank will be drawn downwardly to fill the angular recess 92. Thus a head of the desired size and shape and also a shank of proper configuration will be formed, the correct offset and angle of the head being produced accurately. As the heading slide 2 moves back from the position shown in Figure 18 the parts on the heading slide are automatically reset, the finished articl'"e is ejected by the next succeeding blank being fed into the machine, the gauge arm is automatlcally returned into position to stop the newly fed blank and the shaping operation of the varicus mechanisms can be repeated as heretofore explained.

The finished article, if desired, can be made as shown in Figure 20 wherein the usual shanks Will be provided at one end with a head H formed with a substantially oval top. The head and its offset or nose portion N are inclined relative to the shank. The head is also formed with a narrow projecting heel and side flanges F. The taper of the shank adjacent to the head has been indicated at T. Obviously heads and shanks of other shapes can be produced by changing the dies and heading tool.

What is claimed is:

1. The method of producing a spike or the like with an offset head which consists of subjecting a held blank to end pressure solely along lines parallel with the longitudinal axis of the held blank, and subsequently also subjecting the blank simultaneously to lateral pressure.

2. The method of producing a spike or the like with an offset head which consists of subjecting a held blank to end pressure solely along lines parallel with the longitudinal axis of the held blank to expand or upset an unsupported portion of the blank, and subsequently subjecting the upset end of the blank to longitudinal and lateral pressures simultaneously thereby to oifset and shape said end.

3. A machine for producing spikes and the like including a die for holding a blank with an unsupported end portion extending from the die, a heading slide movable forwardly axially of the blank, a heading tool thereon movable therewith to expand the unsupported portion in the die, and means for shifting the heading tool independently of. the slide angularly relative to its path of forward movement during the last portion of said movement to draw the protruding portion of the blank laterally and shape it between the die and the tool.

4. A machine for producing a spike or the like having an offset head and a tapered shank portion adjacent to the head, including a die for holding a blank, said die having a flared cavity for surrounding a portion of a held blank and a recess extension at one end of the cavity, a heading slide mounted for right line movement axially of the held blank, a heading tool thereon movable therewith to press and expand a portion of the blank in the flared cavity, and means for shifting the tool independently of the slide angularly relative to its path of right line movement during the last portion only of said movement to draw a protruding portion of the blank, while under pressure, into the recess extension and shape the same.

5. A machine for producing a spike or the like having an offset head and a tapered shank portion adjacent to the head, including a, die for holding a blank, said die having a flared cavity for surrounding a portion of a held blank and a iecess extension at one end of the cavity, a slide mounted for right line movement axially of the held blank, a heading tool movable therewith for pressing and expanding a portion of the blank in the flared cavity, and cooperating fixed and movable means adjacent to and on the slide for shifting the tool independently of the slide angularly relative to its path of right line movement during the last portion only of said movement to draw the protruding portion of the blank, while under pressure, into the recess extension and shape the same.

6. A machine for producing a spike or the like having an offset head and a tapered shank portion adjacent to the head, including a die for holding a blank, said die having a flared cavity for surrounding a portion of a held blank and a recess extension at one end of the cavity, a slide mounted for right line movement axially of the held blank, a heading tool movable therewith for pressing and expanding portion-of the blank in the flared cavity a-statiohary cam rail, and means movable with the slide and along the rail for shifting the tool upon the slide angularly relative to its path of right line movement during the last portion of said movement of the slide to draw the protruding portion of the blank, while under pressure, into the recess extension and shape the blank.

7. A machine for producing a spike or the like having an offset head and a tapered shank portion adjacent to the head, including a die for holding a blank, said die having a flared cavity for surrounding a portion of a held blank and a recess extension at one end of the cavity, a slide mounted for right line movement axially of the held blank, a heading tool movable therewith for pressing and expanding a portion of the blank in the flared cavity, a stationary cam rail, means movable with the slide and along the rail for shifting the tool upon the slide angularly relative to its path of right line movement during the last portion of said movement of the slide to draw the protruding portion of the blank, while under pressure, into the recess extension and shape the blank, said means including a rock shaft on the slide, an arm having moving contact with the cam rail, and a driving connection between the shaft and the heading tool.

8. A machine for producing a spike or the like havingan offset head and a tapered shank portion adjacent to the head, including a die for holding a blank, said die having a flared cavity, a

slide mounted for right line movement axially of the held blank, a heading tool movable therewith for engaging the blank to partially upset it in the flared cavity, a stationary cam rail, and 00- operating fixed and movable means adjacent to and upon the slide respectively for shifting the tool upon the slide-angularly relative to itspath of right line. movement during the last portion only of said movement of the slide after the blank has been engaged and partially upset by-the first movement of the tool thereby to draw the protruding portion of the blank along the die, while under pressure. 9. In a machine of the'class described a work holding die, a heading slide, anv auxiliary slide movable upon the advancing face of the heading slide, a heading tool carried by the auxiliary slide, means for advancingthe slides and tool along lines parallel with the axis of theheld work into engagement with said work to partially-up- 5 setthework, and means for shifting the auxiliary slide and the tool thereon during the last portion of the advance thereof after the work has been engaged and partially upset by the first movement of the tool,'thereby to move the auxiliary 0 slide and tool independently of the heading slide and along lines-intersecting theaxis of the held Work.

10. In a machine of the-class de'scribedawor-k holding die, "a heading slide, an auxiliary slide movable upon the advancingface of the heading slide, a heading tool carried .by the auxiliary slide, means for advancing-the-slides and tool along lines parallel with the axis ofthe held work into engagement with the work-to partially upset V the work, and cooperating fixed and movable means adjacent to and'upon the heading slide for shifting the auxiliary slideand the tool thereon during the last portion of: the advance thereof after the work has been engaged and partially upsetby the first movement of the tool, thereby 'tdmoye the auxiliary slide-and tool independently of the hea ide and--along lines intersecting the axis of theheld-work." a

11. In a machine of the class described a work holding die, a heading slide, an auxiliary slide movable upon the-advancing face of the heading slide, a heading tool carried'bythe-auxiliaryslide, means for advancingthe slides and tool along linesparallelwith-the'axisof the held work to engage and partially upset the wor'-k,-a cam, and means cooperating with the carn-for-shifting the auxiliary slide and the tool thereon during the last portion of the advance thereof afterthe work hasbeen engaged and partially upset by the first movement of the tool, thereby to move'the auxiliary slide and tool independently iof ithe heading slide and along lines intersecting the axis of the held work. J

12. In a machine of theclass described a' work holding die, a heading slide, means'foradvancing said slide along :lines parallel with the'axis of the held work, a heading tool movable with the heading slide to engage and partially upset" the work, and means for shifting the heading .tool independently of the heading slide along'lines 10 intersecting the said axis of the held work after the work has been engaged andpartially upset by the first movement of'the tool.

13. In a machine of the.class'describeda'work holding die, a heading slide means foriadvancing 15" said slide along lines parallel with the axis of the held work, a heading tool movable with the head ing slide to engage and partially upset the work, means for holdingthe heading tool in position on the slide for movementtherewithaxially ,of the 0 held work,-and means for shifting the heading tool independently along lines intersecting the said axis of the work after the work has been engagedand partially upset :by the first movement of the tool. 7

14. A machine of the class described including a blank supporting die, aheadingslide mounted for right line forward movement parallel with the longitudinal axis of the heldblank, alheading tool movable therewith: for engaging and partially 30 upsetting the blank during the advanceof the tool, and means for .shifting said tool inde- V pendently of the slidesangularlyirelative to said path of parallel movement during the :further advance'of the toolandafterithe blank has been 35 engaged and partially upset by the first movement of the tool. 1 a

15. A machine for producing spikes and the like including a heading slidemountedQfor forward right line movement, a heading toolmovable 4 therewith for engaging :and partially upsetting the blank during the advance of the' tool,'means for shifting said tool independently of the slide angularly relative :to its qpathiof :movement during the latterportiononly'of:theadvance of 45 the tool andafter rtherblank has been .engaged and partially-upse'tlby. the ,firstimovement of the tool -and a die forlholdinga blank in position for engagement by thestool.

. .;JOHN1H. FRIEDMAN. 50 

